Environmental Science

GE 6200 Environmental Science

Animals and plants in the same biome are genetically similar.	False
Anyone can be an environmentalist but not everyone can be an environmental scientist.	True
At the current rate, there will be more people living in cities rather than in rural areas in the near future.	True
Based on the Roman-numbered items listed below, which are advantages of living in cities? I. Cities are economic centers. II. Cities provide better education options III. Cities experience urban heat island effect IV. Cities are prone to water and pollution problems.	I and II
Based on your knowledge of air pollution, Mumbai, Dhaka and Manila will most likely suffer from air pollution.	True
Biological evolution occurs when there is a change in the inherited characteristics of a population from generation to generation.	True
Biological invasion is good for fish supplies.	False
Air pollution, disease, crime, discomfort and traffic are examples	Negative feedback
Among crude oil, wind, coal, nuclear energy, biomass, which types of energy are renewable?	Wind, biomass
An unpaved road can become a source of air pollution. What type of air pollution source is this?	Fugitive source
Between River A (3 species with 20 individuals each) and River B (5 species with 15 individuals each), River A will likely have the higher biodiversity.	False
Biodiversity is greatly influenced by climate.	True
Biodiversity is simply defined as the variety of life on earth.	True
Biodiversity is the summation of speciation and extinction and hence, is a function of the two factors.	False
Burning of fossil fuels may cause acid rain.	True
Climate variations can also be attributed to natural cycles such as the Milankovitch cycle.	True
Critics of GM crops have argued that GM crops are not a threat to the environment.	False
Cultural carrying capacity is:	the maximum number of people that the earth can support without impairing the planet's ability to provide services in the future
Describe the influence of biotechnology on food production.	it has increased food production by improving quality and reducing cost
Deserts, grasslands, and rainforests are types of biotic provinces.	False
Earth's atmosphere is heterogeneous.	True
Ecosystem diversity is measured through the variety in ecological functions (eg. energy flow and matter cycling)	False
Ecosystems support all forms of life	Dynamic equilibrium
Energy is neither created or destroyed, it is:	Converted
Energy that is gathered from resources that can be replenished naturally on a human timescale.	Renewable energy
Energy that is produced from natural, renewable sources. It does not run out.	Sustainable energy
Energy that is replenished at the human timescale	Renewable energy
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field which integrates both physical sciences and social sciences.	True
Examples of soil problems are soil erosion, soil compaction and desertification.	True
Factors that increase biodiversity are:	Physically diverse habitat, moderate amounts of disturbance, evolution
Generally, it is cheaper to consume non-renewable resources such as crude oil and coal rather than invest in technology for renewable resources.	True
Geothermal energy is harnessed by boiling water in Earth's heat and letting turbines to capture the energy.	True
Geothermal energy uses the heat coming from earth to produce electricity and does not need turbines such as those of wind and hydropower.	False
Give an example of a freshwater reservoir.	Rivers, Ice sheets, permafrost
Give an example of a saltwater reservoir.	Oceans and bays
Global warming is a natural phenomenon that makes the Earth habitable for humans.	True
Groundwater is considered as a renewable resource that is being consumed faster than it can be replenished.	True
Habitat complexity is favorable since it allows competitor species to coexist with each other.	True
Having fewer children contributes to sustainability.	True
How can people live sustainably?	All of the above
How many species of plants have provided for the majority of the world's food needs?	14
How will you describe the human population growth?	True
Humans are capable of living without relying on the environment.	False
Hydropower, same as with wind energy, is not a product of solar energy.	False
Identify the type of growth for the given graph.	exponential
If Mayon Volcano erupts, business will be as usual for airplanes and air traffic located near the volcano.	False
If the glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland would melt, sea level could increase significantly.	True
If the source of energy can be replenished within the human timescale, then it is considered as a renewable energy source.	True
In cities with heavy traffic, photochemical smog may form under sunlight.	True
In Laguna de Bay, the biggest contributor of waste comes from households. What type of waste is this?	municipal waste
In the Philippines, Amihan monsoon occurs during May to October.	False
Infant mortality is the number of infant deaths every 100 babies before their first birthday.	False
It is a community of organisms living in their physical environment.	ecosystem
It is a condition caused by a lack of protein and calories.	Undernourishment
It is a condition caused by deficiencies in some chemical components.	Malnutrition
It is a field of technology making products applying concepts of life.	Biotechnology
It is a kind of static system wherein the system is in a constant condition.	Classical stability
It is a region inhabited by a characteristic set of taxa bounded by barriers that prevent the spread of those distinctive kinds of life to other regions and immigration of foreign species.	Biotic province
It is a region where water flows through rivers, groundwater, streams, creeks into larger bodies of water.	Watershed
It is a set of components, or parts that function together as a whole. Examples of this ranges from the human body to cities to earth.	Gaia hypothesis
It is a set of components, or parts, that function together as a whole.	system
It is a set of components, or parts, that function together as a whole.	System
It is a set of species interacting within the ecosystem.	ecological community
It is a starvation resulting from deprived calories in food.	Undernourishment
It is also known as petroleum and the largest source of commercial energy in the world.	Crude oil
It is an ecosystem process which involves conversion of carbon dioxide and water into sugar by plants, algae and bacteria. Protein and woody tissues are then produced.	flow of energ
It is an evidence of human skills to provide food in limited resources condition.	Agriculture
It is an interdisciplinary field composed of, but not limited to, chemistry, physics, biology, economics, law, and politics. Its goals are to learn how nature works, understand how humans interact with the environment, and finding ways of dealing with the problems related to the environment.	environmental science
It is better to rely on different, varied sources of energy rather than one, finite supply.	True
It is characterized by a fast change and then leveling off at a saturation point.	Saturation curve
It is defined as the change in inherited characteristics of a population from generation to generation.	Biological evolution
It is defined as the study of organisms' interaction with one another and their environment.	Static and dynamic systems
It is defined as the variety of life on earth.	Biodiversity
It is defined as the variety of life on earth.	Biodiversity
It is one of the factors that influence agriculture.	Human Factor
It is said to be the underlying reason of environmental problems.	Ecology
It is simply defined as the delay between a cause and the appearance of an effect.	Lag time
It is synonymous to rainfall.	Precipitation
It is the actual amount of water vapor in the air relative to the maximum it can hold.	Relative humidi
It is the first trophic level. They can produce their own sugar.	autotrophs
It is the long term atmospheric conditions of a specific place.	climate
It is the maximum number of people that the earth can support at a reasonable comfort without impairing the planet's ability to sustain future generations in the same way.	Cultural carrying capacity
It is the study of interactions among the organisms and their environment.	ecology
It is the third trophic level. They feed on the second trophic level.	carnivores
It is the time it takes for a particular unit to stay in a reservoir.	Residence time
It refers to the movement of water around the Earth's surface and subsystems.	water cycle
It states that geological and biological processes in the past are the same as the present.	uniformitarianism
Limitations in essential resources decrease the biodiversity in an area.	True
Living in cities has both advantages and disadvantages.	True
Living in rural areas only has disadvantages.	False
Loss of biodiversity can affect and impair ecosystem services.	True
Malnourishment refers to the lack of specific chemical components of food while malnutrition is the long term condition.	False
Mangrove forests are examples of wetlands. What kind of wetlands are the mangrove forests?	Swamp
Manila gets flooded when there is continuous heavy rain even if nearby rivers may not be present.What kind of flood does the city usually experience?	Pluvial flood
Methane is a more effective greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.	True
More elderly people will have implication on public services such as medical care, social security funds, and others.	True
Most developed countries have experienced a decline in death rates. Which does not contribute to this?	increasing average age for marriage
Most of the environments and natural systems are classified as:	Life has greatly influenced the global environment
Oceans, ice sheets, and groundwater are examples of?	reservoirs
Only non-renewable energy sources have disadvantages while renewable energy sources have none.	False
Overuse of fertilizers does not have an effect on the environment.	False
Ozone gas could not possibly be harmful to human beings.	False
Rainfall, temperature, growing season, altitude are examples of physical factors that affect agriculture	True
Reducing poverty and promoting economic development can help slow down human population growth.	True
Republic Act No. 8041 established the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004.	False
Science is a way of knowing and based on the disprovability of a hypothesis. Science would not have advanced without this. What is this?	scientific method
Shutting down the developments and advancements of genetically modified crops in the country can be considered a sustainability move.	False
Singapore will likely be spared from air pollution brought about by Indonesian forest fires.	False
Snow or hail is a result of what process of the water cycle?	precipitation
Solar cycle does not have an effect on climate change.	False
Some places tend to have higher diversity than others.	True
Sustainability is composed of three interconnected principles-relying more on solar energy, protecting biodiversity, and preventing disruption of natural chemical cycle.	True
Sustainable living would allow humans to continue living comfortable lives while reducing its impact to environmental systems that sustain us.	True
The advancement of agriculture has led to people influencing the environment.	True
The atmosphere enables life on earth. Which of the following is not true about it?	Pressure and amount of sunlight received are the important qualities of atmosphere
The condition where one has insufficient calories due to lack of food resulting to little or no ability to work.	undernourishment
The country's biggest energy resource is geothermal.	True
The Department of Energy is the lead agency mandated to implement the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999.	False
The earth's total freshwater content is about 5%.	False
The growth chart shown above also resembles that of the human population growth. What is this?	exponential
The highest trophic level which feed on dead organic materials.	decomposers
The largest reserve of freshwater is found in rivers.	False
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that:	Energy is not created or destroyed
The Law of Preservation of Energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed.	False
The main driver of the water cycle is the heat from the sun.	True
The major theme of environmental science which refers to the thought that everything is connected to everything else.	Food chains
The phenomenon which causes adverse effects to man or environment brought about by presence of substances in the atmosphere.	Air pollution
The Philippines has a very young population with a slow population growth rate.	False
The process of adapting into a more specialized role in the ecosystem is called	Adaptive radiation
The production of food can cause pollution to the environment.	True
The second trophic level which feed on plants, algae and other photosynthetic bacteria.	herbivores
The Sixth great wave of mass extinction is brought about by humans.	True
The smaller particulate matter, the more harmful it is for human health.	True
The sustainability of life depends on what factors?	All of the above
The transfer of energy and chemical elements and compounds from one creature to another.	food chain
The use of fossil fuels has contributed significantly to the increase in greenhouse gases and global warming.	True
The withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Climate Change Accord has no impact on our sustainable future.	False
The world's largest source of commercial energy at present is non-renewable.	True
These are among the results of poor farming.	Soil Erosion
These are organisms or microorganisms that may eat and/or destroy agricultural plants.	Pests
These are organisms that live and feed on the soil.	Nematodes
This concept refers to the impact of humans on nature.	Gaia hypothesis
This air pollutant is of particular concern because it can be embedded and absorbed in the bloodstream after a long period of time.	Particulate m
This idea proposes that life has greatly influenced the global environment, changing it and improving the chances for the survival of the species.	Gaia hypothesis
This integrates the different disciplines of study in order to understand nature, the interaction of organisms with nature, and to find solutions for environmental problems.	False
This is applied to avoid irreversible damages to the environment even without full scientific proof. Examples where this may be employed include the application of pesticides and chemicals to the environment.	precautionary principle
This is characterized by a mixture of gases, serving as one of earth's subsystems.	atmosphere
This is the living skin of the planet which resulted from the dynamic interaction of atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere and hydrosphere.	Pedosphere
This is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs and where air pollutants are released.	Troposphere
This is the set of all environmental conditions under which a species can persist and carry out its life functions.	Ecological niche
This is the time it takes for a particular unit to stay in a reservoir.	residence time
This law provided the most comprehensive water quality management to date.	Philippine Clean Water Act
This occurs when the output of a system affects its inputs.	feedback
This phenomenon has far and wide ranging effects such as loss of nutrients in soil, loss of aquatic species, damage to building materials and structures.	Acid rain
This pollutant reacts with hemoglobin in the red blood cells and is highly toxic.	Carbon monoxide
This refers to an introduction of a foreign or exotic species to a place which may impact negatively the other indigenous species.	Biological invasion
This refers to ecosystems based on climate and dominant plant life.	Biome
This refers to the physical-chemical environment.	non-living component
This refers to two types of systems wherein one is in fixed condition while the other continues to change over time	Life has greatly influenced the global environment
This refers to urban agglomerations with more than 10 million people.	Megacity
This source of energy which came from remains of land plants provides 40% of the world's energy needs.	Coal
This term refers to outputs of a system affecting its inputs.	True,because ecosystem is composed of everything on the planet
Total fertility rate is the defined as the average number of children born to women.	True
Tropical regions usually have lower number of species and biodiversity as compared to mid- and high latitude areas.	False
True or False. Acid rain is created by different air pollutants and can be deposited several kilometers away where it originated.	True
True or False. Ozone at the troposphere can be dangerous to human health as it contributes to photochemical smog.	True
True or False.Carbon dioxide is said to be the culprit behind climate change.	True
Under this mechanism, steady-state systems remain in constant condition due to self-regulation or stabilization.	negative feedback
Uranium undergoes what type of nuclear reaction in order to produce energy?	Fission
Uranium used for nuclear power plants is a renewable source of energy.	False
Using funds collected from the harvest and sale of natural gas in the country for investing in alternative and renewable energies is a move towards sustainability.	True
Water table is the boundary between the saturated and unsaturated zone.	True
We should value biodiversity because it provides essential services valuable to human life.	True
What are among the services that the ecosystems provide?	Provisioning, cultural, regulating and supporting
What are the highest trophic level that feed on dead organic materials?	Environmental science
What are the two wind patterns that the country experiences?	Southwest and northeast
What best describes sustainability?	The ability of natural systems and human cultural system and economies to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions
What composes the autotrophs?	Human population growth
What do you call a city that is not car-oriented and has good mass transit? People walk along roads and ride bicycles. Greens such trees and plants are part of the city plan. Reduce, reuse, recycle is also practiced.	Sustainable city
What does an inverted pyramid age structure mean?	There are more old people
What does CFC stand for?	Chlorofluorocarbon
What does not characterize a monsoon?	influenced by a localized weather system
What environmental concept explains this: A change in one thing may affect everything else.	Environmental unity
What is not a type of interaction between species?	Symbionts
What is not an advantage of living in cities?	Pollution in air and water
What is not an advantage of using renewable energy?	Solar energy is created during the day
What is not an impact of human population growth?	Exponential grow
What is not part of the scientific method?	Collect the data in an unorganized manner
What is the ability of the rock or sediment to allow water to pass through it?	Permeability
What is the activity involved with farming of protein in marine and freshwater habitats?	Aquaculture
What is the combination of biology and technology in which biological concepts and systems are applied beneficial to man?	Biotechnology
What is the condition characterized by insufficient calories on available food when has little or no ability to work and may eventually die?	Undernourishment
What is the condition of the Earth characterized by warming due to high levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?	Global warming
What is the difference between rangeland and pasture animals?	rangeland animals eat by grazing while pasture animals eat from plowed and harvested food
What is the disadvantage of using non-renewable sources of energy?	All of the above
What is the field that studies the physical and social aspects of the environment?	environmental science
What is the kind of undernourishment characterized by lack of sufficient protein in the diet?	Kwashiorkor
What is the law creating the National Water Resource Council?	Presidential Decree No 424
What is the layer of the Earth's subsystem that contains the highest amount of ozone?	Stratosphere
What is the location of water where it resides?	Reservoir
What is the major reservoir of fresh water?	Glaciers
What is the method by which humans grow crops and rear animals for food?	Agriculture
What is the movement of condensed water into liquid water into the Earth's surface?	Precipitation
What is the part of the ocean where there is sudden decrease in the temperature?	Thermocline
What is the process in which rain water penetrates the soil?	Infiltration
What is the process of movement of water molecules through different pathways?	Water cycle
What is the Republic Act Number that provided management of quality water?	Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
What is the second layer of the ocean where there is rapid decrease in temperature as it goes deeper?	Thermocline
What is the study of the interaction among the organism and their environment?	Ecology
With only a few exceptions, all systems in the environment are ___________________.	open system
Wind energy can be built on any land or hill.	False
Which uses more energy? Coffee maker or six hours of laptop?	Coffee maker
Which single technology can provide man with the cleanest and most efficient source of energy?	None of the above
Which of the following statement is true about the effect of geology and geography?	Biodiversity across Earth is not evenly distribute
Which of the following statement is false?	Species, population, and ecosystems are classified mainly as static systems
Which of the following statement is true about the effect of geology and geography?	Biodiversity across Earth is not evenly distributed
Which single technology can provide man with the cleanest and most efficient source of energy?	None of the above
Which uses more energy? Coffee maker or six hours of laptop?	Coffee maker
Wind energy can be built on any land or hill.	False
With only a few exceptions, all systems in the environment are ___________________.	open system
"Everything affects everything else".	environmental unity
A condition where the carrying capacity is reached and overtaken before the population is reduced drastically.	overshoot and collapse
A couple with multiple cars and houses may not be living sustainably.	True
A high rate of transfer will affect a small lake in what way?	It will have a short residence time and will therefore be more vulnerable to change and pollutants
A positive exponential curve stabilizing at or near a carrying capacity (often S-shaped).	logistic curve
A rapid population growth has 1.5-3% population growth rate.	True
A type of science wherein a research may not support certain hypothesis but some may merge with the existing science.	frontier science
According to science, no population can grow indefinitely.	True
A type of system response wherein the amount of anything added to a system is expected to produce the same amount of change.	linear
According to scientific evidences, climate change is global and is caused by human activities.	True
According to the theory of island biogeography, the farther islands from the mainland will have fewer numbers of species.	True
Agriculture has made it possible for civilizations to increase their population and advance their societies.	True
Agriculture has significantly influenced our environment.	True
Agriculture is an evidence of human attempt to overcome environmental limitations and problems.	True
Air pollution has no political boundaries.	True